2009-1-24 23:51
hlts
[color=#0000ff]西遞村位于黟縣城東8公裏處。被譽為“中國明清民居博物館”、“華夏第一村”、按清代黟籍學者俞正燮解釋：“西遞在府西，舊為違鋪所，因以得名”。又據《新安名族志》載：“其地羅峰高其前，陽尖障其後，石獅盤其北，天馬藹其南。中有二水環繞，不之東而之西，故名西遞。”兩種說法不一，但各有一定道理，或許兩種來由兼而有之。西遞為胡姓世居之地。宋元豐年間（1078∼1085），其祖先即舉家由婺源遷此定居。至明萬曆年間，當地出了一個官至膠州刺史、荊王府長史的胡文光，這裏的胡氏宗族便發旺起來。到了清代道光年間，江南六大富豪之一的胡貫三將它推上了全盛的階段。全村有將近600座華麗的宅院，兩條大街，99條巷子，縱橫交錯，曲折幽深，如同一座龐大的迷宮。有800戶煙竈，90多口水井，3000日男丁，人口近萬。這裏地靈人傑，不僅培育出巨商大賈，而且造就一批秀士英才。如清代著名書畫收藏家胡積堂、在康有為“公車上書”上簽名的三舉人胡殿元、胡嘉楷和胡騰逵、光緒三十二年就創辦了崇德女子職業學校的黃杏仙等。
西遞村依舊保留不少中世紀古老中國的特有風貌。村口宏偉高大，雕刻精湛的明代胡文光刺史坊巍然屹立。村內現存122幢富麗多姿的清代民居建築，有康熙年間興建的陳設典雅、充滿書香氣的履福堂，有建于鹹豐年間的構思奇特、雕飾精美的桃李園，還有道光十年修築的千金小姐抛彩球的彩樓。此外還有敬愛堂、瑞玉庭、西園、惇仁堂、笃敬堂、枕石小築等。它們中有富麗的宅院，雅致的廳堂，精巧的花園，用大理石制作的門框和精美的石雕門罩。這些住宅大多是長方形的合院，有的兩進，有的三進，堂前留有天井，旁側是偏房跨院。室內雕梁畫棟，描金繪彩，欄板、鬥拱、窗扇、蓮花門，無處沒有工致精巧的木雕。這個琳琅滿目的形象系列，較充分地展示了明清時期民間建築藝術的特征。西遞為夾溪水而建的長條形村落，流水中穿，街巷以橋相連，建築群落的整體性極佳，給人以緊湊精美之感。清代詩人曹文埴在《詠西遞》詩中雲：“青山雲外深，白屋煙中出。雙溪左右環，群術高下密。曲徑如彎己連牆若比栉。自入桃源來，墟落此第一。”西遞民居建築群現為省重點文物保護單位。
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2210_20051222.jpg[/img]
位于黟縣西遞村前的胡文光刺史牌坊，建于明萬曆六年（1578年），坊基周圍占地 100平方米，坊高12.3米，寬9.95米
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2211_20051222.jpg[/img]
三樓中軸線上镌有“恩榮”二字，兩旁襯以盤龍浮雕，顯示牌坊的建造是皇帝的寵幸與恩許。二樓至四樓左右兩側和頂端，均為飛檐翹角，脊頭吻獸雕為鳌魚，錫制鳌魚的觸須呈波形，起著避雷的作用。檐下鬥拱兩側飾有圓形镂空花翅32個，寓意花團錦簇，後來這32個花翅，竟吻合了胡文光為官32年。
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2212_20051222.jpg[/img]
村口庭院
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2213_20051222.jpg[/img]
精美的門樓磚雕，顯示出西遞當時高超、娴熟的技藝
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2214_20051222.jpg[/img]
曠古齋外景
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2215_20051222.jpg[/img]
這是曠古齋內的獅子滾繡球木雕，精妙絕倫
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2216_20051222.jpg[/img]
曠古齋
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2217_20051222.jpg[/img]
西遞的特色手工石壺
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2218_20051222.jpg[/img]
夕陽古巷
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2219_20051222.jpg[/img]
徽派飛檐鬥拱，兩端各镌有“富”、“貴”兩字
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2220_20051222.jpg[/img]
西遞第一聯！上聯：便宜多自吃虧來，咦，虧字怎麽少了一點？原來，主人是要告誡兒孫，虧要少吃一點啊
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2221_20051222.jpg[/img]
下聯：快樂每從辛苦得，這裏的“辛”又多了一橫，也不是錯字啊，是說，辛苦要比別人多一點。可見主人之良苦用心
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2222_20051222.jpg[/img]
丹鳳朝陽
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2223_20051222.jpg[/img]
書香瑞玉庭
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2224_20051222.jpg[/img]
這是其後人用祖傳手藝雕刻的石制工藝品
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2225_20051222.jpg[/img]
馬頭牆，又名防火牆，是徽派建築的特征之一
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2226_20051222.jpg[/img]
蘇武牧羊
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2227_20051222.jpg[/img]
西園園林小景
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2228_20051222.jpg[/img]
這是主人千辛萬苦才保存下來的西遞村牌
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2229_20051222.jpg[/img]
這是用整塊大理石雙面雕刻的“松鶴延年圖”，極為珍貴，是徽州石雕的典範
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2230_20051222.jpg[/img]
是不是象一片葉子呢？葉落歸根牆。主人是對後人說：無論是在外經商也好，做官也罷，終究是要葉落歸根的
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2231_20051222.jpg[/img]
東園“破冰門”，門上的花紋代表冰的破紋，意指寒窗苦讀
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2232_20051222.jpg[/img]
“五福門”，沒有寒窗苦讀，哪來的富貴啊，主人真是用心良苦啊
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2233_20051222.jpg[/img]
銅制觀音像
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2234_20051222.jpg[/img]
履福堂：幾百年人家無非積善，第一等好事只是讀書
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2235_20051222.jpg[/img]
百年牡丹庭,絕的是主人家地面有個石洞，人稱“土空調”，冬暖夏涼，十分靈驗哦
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2236_20051222.jpg[/img]
一線天弄
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2237_20051222.jpg[/img]
氣勢恢弘的富家宅院
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2238_20051222.jpg[/img]
木雕樓
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2239_20051222.jpg[/img]
千金小姐抛繡球的繡樓
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2240_20051222.jpg[/img]
古今結合的典範[/color]
[img]http://www.tourmart.cn/upfiles/bbs/2241_20051222.jpg[/img]:msmile2:
2009-1-26 12:30
法拉利GT3
very good
2009-1-26 21:09
boooo
中國.........味很強
2009-1-29 14:13
brian567
真是好圖
好圖一定要推
2009-1-31 07:58
tim525
*** 作者被禁止或刪除 內容自動屏蔽 ***
2009-2-2 19:55
SUNFINGLAI
中國好野
2010-10-10 16:10
Woo1990
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2010-10-11 00:02
ken013
中國味很強
thx sharing, thx